How Were The Different Types Of Roses Bred?

In the world of floriculture, roses take a royal place. They are trendy flowers and no flower shop exists without them. But few people know that the rose can vary in type. Due to its prevalence, farmers decided to mix its species and grow new varieties. Among the most popular types of roses are:

• Hybrid Tea Roses;
• Alba Roses;
• Damask Roses;
• Roses of Grandiflora.

So, the rose is a queen among all flowers in the world. Its beauty, aroma, and colors always draw the attention of florists and gardeners. For many centuries, roses have been the subject of diligent selection work. It led to the fact that florists began to study how to breed roses. In this process, they tried to give each flower a separate look and new characteristics.

Hybrid Tea Roses

It's one of the most popular varieties of rose flowers grown in horticulture. It is famous for its floral fragrance, large flowers, and long flowering period. Gardeners got such a flower due to crossing a Chinese tea rose and a remnant rose. This process requires careful selection of parent plants. It is to get roses with the desired properties.

Hybrid tea roses are famous for their large, elegant, flowery buds. Flowers can have a variety of forms, from classic to more complex. The color of the petals can also be very diverse. It ranges from soft pastel shades to bright, rich colors.

One of the biggest features of this rose variety is its flowering. These rose varieties can delight with their beauty for a very long time. They begin to bloom in June and can bloom until autumn. Thanks to the buds with up to 60 petals, they have a lush, incredible appearance.

Floribunda Roses Story

Another no less popular variety of rose flower is Floribunda. Its breeding results from many years of high skill of florists. The process on how to breed these roses begins with selecting parent plants. They should have desirable traits like abundant flowers, disease resistance, and petal color. This process requires extreme precision and adherence to unique techniques.

Floribunda rose petals have a wide range of colors. They range from soft pinks to reds and yellows. Each petal is exquisitely shaped, light, and stable, symboling infinite beauty. On average, such flowers have a size ranging from 5 to 7 cm in diameter. It allows them to be harmonious in single flowers and compositions with other plants.

If you want a Floribunda flower at home, you can not worry about caring for it. The resistance of this variety to diseases and adverse conditions makes it easy to care for.

Amazing Polyanthus Roses

The history of Polyanthus roses began in the 19th century when florists began experimenting with mixing different types of roses. One of the results of these experiments was exactly Polyanthus roses. They got their name from the French word "poly," which means "many."

Florists got it by crossing the Japanese multiflora rose and the dwarf Chinese rose. According to the characteristics, these are tiny buds with a 3-6 cm diameter. More than 200 of them can bloom on one bush simultaneously. Visually, this makes the bushes lush and gorgeous.

A feature of this roses variety is their mass flowering. They please with their blooming buds, which are constantly opening. Flowers can be of different colors. It ranges from gentle pastel shades to bright and saturated tones. Thanks to their disease resistance, they grow well in different climatic conditions.

Roses of Grandiflora

This variety appeared relatively recently due to crossing hybrid tea roses and floribunda. From its ancestors, it received all its best qualities. These are large beautiful inflorescences, a wonderful aroma, long flowering, and disease resistance.

The history of Grandiflora begins at the end of the 19th century. Then the breeders directed their efforts to learn how to breed roses. Experimenting, they created precisely this type of Grandiflora flower. One of the main features of Grandiflora is its large flowers. They can reach a diameter of 10 to 15 cm. These blooms have a complex structure with many petals. They can have different colors, from pale pink and red to white and yellow.

This variety of rose flower is also famous for its long flowering period. They can bloom in large clusters of flowers and last for a long time. It makes them trendy both for garden compositions and for use in bouquets.

Miniature Roses are a Beautiful Decoration

As the name suggests, miniature roses are pint-sized versions of larger rose bushes. These dwarf shrubs appeared in the early 20th century. And they have become famous for use in small or tight spaces where larger roses won't fit. Their petite size also makes them suitable as houseplants.

These rose varieties typically grow no taller than 18 to 24 inches. They produce delicate flowers ranging from 1 to 2 inches in diameter. Because of their small stature, mini roses do not require as much space. Also, they are easier to care for than standard rose bushes. They can thrive in small pots or planters, making them an ideal choice if you want to add roses to a balcony. They also work well as centerpieces or decorative accents in an indoor space.

Among different types of roses, these stand out for their special charm. Their dainty blossoms allow you to enjoy the timeless elegance of roses. For gardeners with limited space, these pint-sized shrubs are a perfect option.

Curly Climbing Roses for Garden Decoration

Curly climbing roses are prized for their ornamental value in the garden. Their spiraling stems create an eye-catching vertical accent on walls and arbors. Popular rose varieties like "Dublin Bay" and "Golden Showers" produce many pink and yellow buds. They have a sweet fragrance that wafts through the garden. These roses are also hardy and disease-resistant, producing abundant flowers from late spring through summer with little maintenance.

For small spaces, there is another one of the most popular types of roses of this sort. "The Generous Gardener" only reaches about 6 to 8 feet high. It has pale pink flowers that fade to cream. It has an unstructured growth habit perfect for a cottage garden.

Whatever size or color you choose, such roses make a chic decorative accent anywhere. Their carefree nature and reliable flowering allow anyone to achieve a professional-looking display. 

Shrub or Semi-climbing Roses

Shrub roses, also known as semi-climbing roses. They were bred by crossing climbing roses with hybrid perpetual roses. The result was a bushy shrub that produced an abundance of flowers. These roses are ideal for creating a hedge or planting in a mixed shrub border.

Breeding shrub roses is a meticulous and rewarding endeavor. It combines skillful selection and a passion for creating exceptional new rose varieties. The resulting shrub roses enchant with their beauty, fragrance, and blooming. Florists have achieved that this type is relatively low-maintenance but provides maximum rewards. 

Among different types of roses this one has a naturally rounded shape. So pruning is only needed to thin out crossing branches and shape the plant. Shrub roses are also quite hardy and resistant to disease. Their dense growth acts as a natural deterrent to pests. Overall, shrub roses offer a low-fuss way to enjoy the beauty and fragrance of roses. With minimal pruning required, these carefree charmers will brighten your garden for years.

Damask Roses

Damask roses are famous for their intoxicating fragrance and beautiful pink flowers. These fragrant roses are used to make rosewater and aromatic oils. Bred from rose Gallica, the Damask rose has pink petals and a spicy-sweet scent. The flowers typically have around 25 petals arranged in a loose shape. The bush grows 3 to 6 feet high and blooms once in late spring or early summer. Some popular different types of Damask roses include:

• Rose de Rescht;
• Quatre Saisons;
• Rose of Castile.

The Damask may not have the largest or showiest flowers. But its heavenly perfume and romantic beauty have endured for centuries. No wonder it remains a favorite for gardens, weddings, and perfumery. Such wide use of the flower makes it one of the most popular types of roses.

Gallica Roses History

Gallica roses have existed around for centuries. So they are considered true "old roses." They originated from central Asia and were cultivated in ancient Persia. Gallicas were then brought to Western Europe by the Romans. 

These fragrant flowers were grown by Empress Josephine in the gardens of Malmaison. It was in the early 1800s. For many years, Ghalib's rose bloomed in the garden and brought joy to those who saw it. Its beauty was so impressive that no other rose could match it.

Now, Gallicas remain an essential part of rose breeding history. Their dense petals, intense fragrance, and tendency towards shades of red and pink have influenced widely beloved modern rose varieties. For rose enthusiasts seeking authenticity, Gallica roses are ideal. With their rich history, they provide a direct connection to the origins of today's popular rose hybrids.

Alba Roses

The history of rose breeding has long roots dating back to the Middle Ages. The alba rose is one of the oldest and most valuable rose varieties. Its origin has been known since ancient Roman times. And people have valued these chic white flowers for centuries. 

Breeding alba roses is a complex process that requires knowledge and skill in gardening. The main methods of breeding alba roses are seeds and cuttings. The process of their production began with the collection of sources from ripe fruits. Gardeners saw the collected seeds in specially prepared soil holes or pots. It was followed by a latent period. It means the seeds germinated and new seedlings began to appear.

Some different types of this rose are “Alba Semi-Plena,” “Chloris,” and “Rosa Mundi.” They can smell for several meters around them, enchanting with their delicate perfume. And their charm and elegance evoke a sense of inspiration. 

David Austin Roses

Learning how to breed these roses involves hard work. David Austin spent over 60 years crossing old garden roses with modern ones to develop his line of English blooms. In his roses, he combined the best features of old roses with the properties of current varieties. As a result, he got an exclusive appearance of roses that fascinates with their elegance. Their buds are formed into large, complete, and lush flowers. Each petal gently folds, creating a romantic and charming image.

Popular roses varieties of David Austin flower include:

• Peach Drift;
• Olivia Rose Austin.

With so many colors and fragrances, David Austin roses have become a garden favorite. Their natural, bushy growth also makes them ideal for creating privacy screens, backdrops, or colorful focal points in the landscape. With proper care and feeding, these romantic roses will reward you with years of beauty.

Bottom Line

The next time you stop to smell a rose, take a moment to appreciate the years of careful cultivation behind that flower. Because these blooms come in a variety of types. And each of them has its history. 

If you have some doubts at the expense of choosing roses, contact Rosaholics for help. We are professionals in growing roses and their hybridization. So, we will confidently help you select a specific type of rose. And we can also create unforgettable bouquets from them for you. Thus, do not waste time and contact us.

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